考研英语：细看长难句

具体地点:世纪大道1号 英语中的长难句一直是让同学们犯难的部分，如何让自己在遇到长难句的时候不再惧怕，相信大家经过系统的学习，已经知道如何分析长难句啦，接下来就摘抄了以前试卷中的长难句，大家一起来练练手吧。 一、As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.（2011年英语一text1） 句子注释：本句主干为that seems likely to have struck... as faint praise,主语that承前指代。在as引导的方式状语从句中，a description of...与主语that同指，并且其中嵌套了一个that引导的定语从句用来修饰an orchestra,说明由有影响力的大音乐家带领是纽约爱乐乐团一直以来的惯例。 句意：对于一个到目前为止一直由像古斯塔夫·马勒和皮埃尔·布列兹这样的音乐家来领导的交响乐团对它的下一任音乐总监这样的描述，似乎至少可能会让一些《纽约时报》的读者觉得是一种牵强的赞美。 二、Instead, the company has done precisely what it had long promised it would not: challenge the constitutionality of Vermont’s rules in the federal court, as part of a desperate effort to keep its Vermont Yankee nuclear power plant running.(2012年text 2 英语一) 句子注释：谓语has done precisely和宾语从句what it had long promised it would not构成反义，强烈讽刺其言而无信的举措，介词短语as part of ...补充说明challenge the constitutionality...的原因。 句意：相反，这个公司恰恰是做出了它曾长期承诺不会做的事情：在联邦法院质疑佛蒙特州的合宪性，这是它为了让佛蒙特扬基核电厂能够继续运营而做出的拼死努力的一部分。 三、As so often, the past holds the key to the future: we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.(2013年text 3 英语一) 句子注释：冒号后内容是对前面句子的解释说明，解释为什么过去掌握着到达未来的钥匙；同位语从句主干为we have now identified enough of ...; 其中the history of ...呼应分句中the past；插入成分and our species起到解释说明的作用，它与the planet在语法层面是并列的关系；to make evidence based ... 是动词不定式做结果状语，说明主句的结果；in which定语从句修饰前面的the situations。 句意：正如通常的那样，过去掌握着到达未来的钥匙：我们现在已经确定了足够多的形成我们的星球以及人类生物的长期模式，这就使我们能够对子孙后代的生活状况做出有根据的预测。 四、But the Nobel Foundation’s limit of three recipients per prize, each of whom must still be living, has long been outgrown by the collaborative nature of modern research--as well be demonstrated by the inevitable row over who is ignored when it comes to acknowledging the discovery of the Higgs boson. (2014年英语一 text 3) 句子注释：each of whom must still be living这部分为定语从句，修饰前面的three recipients，说明三名获奖者要达到的条件。of three recipients per prize介词短语作后置定语修饰前面的limit。the Nobel Foundation’s limit做主句主语，has long been outgrown主句谓语部分，by the collaborative nature of modern research介词短语作方式状语，引出施动者。as well be demonstrated by the inevitable row非限制性定语从句，对破折号前面的内容做出说明。over who is ignored介词短语做后置定语，修饰前面的row（争论，争议）。when it comes to acknowledging the discovery of the Higgs boson.时间状语从句。 句意：但是诺贝尔基金会对每个奖项获奖人数的限定：不超过三人,而且必须都在世，这早就因为现代研究的协作性质而不再适用了，这一点会在确认希格斯玻色子的发现时得到证明，因为到时候必然会出现关于“哪位（科学家）遭到忽视”的争论。